voidly
Data

Incident record · Azerbaijan

Internet censorship detected in Azerbaijan

Type
censorship
Status
suspected
Severity
critical
Inspect evidence Cite this incident

Source summary

CenAlert detected interference. Impact: 1.0. Reported by: DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for bbc.com.

Open incident JSON
Reported anomaly rate
1%

Source-defined signal; not a universal test-failure percentage.

Source measurement count
1

The record’s count can represent aggregate inputs or alerts.

Incident confidence
65%

A source score, not certainty of intentional censorship.

Linked evidence has its own count and confidence fields. These quantities are not interchangeable.

Follow the evidence

15 linked records.

Inspect the observation, the upstream claim and why it was linked.

Linked observation dates

15 dated · 0 without a verified timezone
Censored Planet15 linked records
May 27, 2026 · 00:00 UTCSingle observed timestamp

Each point is a linked record. Horizontal position shows observation time; stacking separates nearby points. The full records below provide the values. This is not a measured outage-duration chart.

Upstream claims are attributed to their source. Multiple records or source names do not by themselves establish independent corroboration.

Censored Planet15 records · open evidence

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:bbc.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for bbc.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
bbc.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "bbc.com",
  "domainCategory": "NEWS",
  "id": 108647076,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:bbc.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for bbc.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:chat.openai.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for chat.openai.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
chat.openai.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "chat.openai.com",
  "domainCategory": "AIML",
  "id": 108647088,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:chat.openai.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for chat.openai.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:getlantern.org:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for getlantern.org

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
getlantern.org
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "getlantern.org",
  "domainCategory": "ANON",
  "id": 108647113,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:getlantern.org:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for getlantern.org",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:huggingface.co:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for huggingface.co

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
huggingface.co
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "huggingface.co",
  "domainCategory": "AIML",
  "id": 108647117,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:huggingface.co:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for huggingface.co",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:instagram.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for instagram.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
instagram.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "instagram.com",
  "domainCategory": "GRP",
  "id": 108647131,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:instagram.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for instagram.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:medium.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for medium.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
medium.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "medium.com",
  "domainCategory": "NEWS",
  "id": 108647142,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:medium.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for medium.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:nytimes.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for nytimes.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
nytimes.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "nytimes.com",
  "domainCategory": "NEWS",
  "id": 108647161,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:nytimes.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for nytimes.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:openai.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for openai.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
openai.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "openai.com",
  "domainCategory": "AIML",
  "id": 108647166,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:openai.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for openai.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:protonvpn.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for protonvpn.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
protonvpn.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "protonvpn.com",
  "domainCategory": "ANON",
  "id": 108647185,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:protonvpn.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for protonvpn.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:psiphon.ca:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for psiphon.ca

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
psiphon.ca
Blocking method
ip-blocked
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": "ip-blocked",
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "psiphon.ca",
  "domainCategory": "ANON",
  "id": 108647204,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:psiphon.ca:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for psiphon.ca",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:signal.org:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for signal.org

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
signal.org
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "signal.org",
  "domainCategory": "COMT",
  "id": 108647223,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:signal.org:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for signal.org",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:substack.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for substack.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
substack.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "substack.com",
  "domainCategory": "NEWS",
  "id": 108647242,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:substack.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for substack.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:theguardian.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for theguardian.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
theguardian.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "theguardian.com",
  "domainCategory": "NEWS",
  "id": 108647263,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:theguardian.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for theguardian.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:tiktok.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for tiktok.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
tiktok.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "tiktok.com",
  "domainCategory": "GRP",
  "id": 108647279,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:tiktok.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for tiktok.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}

dns-blocking · critical

censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:tumblr.com:2026-05-27

DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for tumblr.com

Upstream claim · Censored Planet
Signal value
1
Signal baseline
Unavailable
Evidence confidence
90%
Link confidence
80%

Why it is linked: CenAlert event for same country and date range

Domain
tumblr.com
Retrieved
May 28, 2026 · 03:46 UTC
Open upstream source
Complete evidence record
{
  "asn": 48830,
  "blockingMethod": null,
  "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
  "continent": "Asia",
  "countryCode": "AZ",
  "domain": "tumblr.com",
  "domainCategory": "GRP",
  "id": 108647298,
  "kind": "dns-probe",
  "linkConfidence": 0.8,
  "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
  "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "probeNodeId": null,
  "regionCode": null,
  "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
  "riskTier": 2,
  "signalBaseline": null,
  "signalLevel": "critical",
  "signalType": "dns-blocking",
  "signalValue": 1,
  "source": "censoredplanet",
  "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:tumblr.com:2026-05-27",
  "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
  "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
  "upstreamCause": null,
  "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for tumblr.com",
  "upstreamSeverity": null
}
Source-reported corroboration

The source’s corroboration assessment is separate from incident confidence and evidence-link confidence. Inspect its source list, count and description.

{
  "description": "Single source: censoredplanet",
  "evidenceCount": 15,
  "level": "low",
  "score": 0.65,
  "sourceCount": 1,
  "sources": [
    "censoredplanet"
  ]
}

Declared incident sources: Censored Planet.

This record does not list two distinct sources. Treat it as a single-source or uncorroborated record.

Scope and attribution

What the record names.

Methodology

Affected services

BBCChatGPTInstagramLanternMediumNew York TimesProton VPNProtonVPNPsiphonSignalThe GuardianTikTok

Incident mechanism

DNS blocking

Individual evidence may carry more specific methods. Those do not automatically describe the entire incident.

Affected domains · 15

Domains named by the source record. Each link opens country-specific OONI measurements; a named domain is not a blanket national-block verdict.

bbc.comchat.openai.comgetlantern.orghuggingface.coinstagram.commedium.comnytimes.comopenai.comprotonvpn.compsiphon.casignal.orgsubstack.comtheguardian.comtiktok.comtumblr.com
Networks and evidence attribution

ASNs named by this source record: AS48830.

This aggregate describes fields literally present in linked evidence. It does not identify who caused an event or prove intent.

{
  "asns_attributed": 15,
  "domains_attributed": 15,
  "methods": [
    {
      "evidence_count": 14,
      "method": "dns-blocking"
    },
    {
      "evidence_count": 1,
      "method": "ip-blocked"
    }
  ],
  "note": "Aggregated from this incident's linked evidence rows — only domains, ASNs, and blocking methods the evidence literally records are shown, with the per-item evidence count.",
  "sources": [
    "censoredplanet"
  ],
  "top_asns": [
    {
      "asn": "AS48830",
      "evidence_count": 15
    }
  ],
  "top_domains": [
    {
      "domain": "bbc.com",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "chat.openai.com",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "getlantern.org",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "huggingface.co",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "instagram.com",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "medium.com",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "nytimes.com",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "openai.com",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "protonvpn.com",
      "evidence_count": 1
    },
    {
      "domain": "psiphon.ca",
      "evidence_count": 1
    }
  ]
}
What this record cannot establish

Measurements alone do not attribute an event to a government, ISP or another actor, and do not establish intent. An outage or anomalous result can have several explanations.

The country label is an aggregation scope. It is not a census of every network, city or service. Regional or ASN fields belong to their individual source evidence and should not be expanded into a national claim.

A confirmed duration is not supplied. The source observation window and evidence timestamps do not prove an exact start and stop of blocking.

Signal definitions, baseline rates and model versions depend on the source. This record does not establish a common baseline or calibrated certainty. Use the source’s specific signal definition and evaluation before interpreting a score.

Inspect measurement coverage

Cite this incident

Take the record
with you.

Use the permanent published URL.
The original source title is preserved.

BibTeX ↓RIS ↓Markdown ↓JSON ↓Full citation page →

The record over time.

Created
2026-06-15 06:00:05.501633 · timezone unspecified
Last updated
2026-06-15 06:00:05.501633 · timezone unspecified
Revision
1
Revision history and original fields

Revision-history array unavailable.

Canonical ID: AZ-2026-0324. Source ID: AZ-2026-0324. Hash ID: 50af80dd0c53.

Additional source duration field: 0 hours. It is retained separately from the minutes field and does not establish a verified event duration.

Complete source JSON
{
  "affectedAsns": [
    "AS48830"
  ],
  "affectedDomains": [
    "bbc.com",
    "chat.openai.com",
    "getlantern.org",
    "huggingface.co",
    "instagram.com",
    "medium.com",
    "nytimes.com",
    "openai.com",
    "protonvpn.com",
    "psiphon.ca",
    "signal.org",
    "substack.com",
    "theguardian.com",
    "tiktok.com",
    "tumblr.com"
  ],
  "affectedServices": [
    "BBC",
    "ChatGPT",
    "Instagram",
    "Lantern",
    "Medium",
    "New York Times",
    "Proton VPN",
    "ProtonVPN",
    "Psiphon",
    "Signal",
    "The Guardian",
    "TikTok"
  ],
  "anomalyRate": 0.01,
  "attribution": {
    "asns_attributed": 15,
    "domains_attributed": 15,
    "methods": [
      {
        "evidence_count": 14,
        "method": "dns-blocking"
      },
      {
        "evidence_count": 1,
        "method": "ip-blocked"
      }
    ],
    "note": "Aggregated from this incident's linked evidence rows — only domains, ASNs, and blocking methods the evidence literally records are shown, with the per-item evidence count.",
    "sources": [
      "censoredplanet"
    ],
    "top_asns": [
      {
        "asn": "AS48830",
        "evidence_count": 15
      }
    ],
    "top_domains": [
      {
        "domain": "bbc.com",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "chat.openai.com",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "getlantern.org",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "huggingface.co",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "instagram.com",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "medium.com",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "nytimes.com",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "openai.com",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "protonvpn.com",
        "evidence_count": 1
      },
      {
        "domain": "psiphon.ca",
        "evidence_count": 1
      }
    ]
  },
  "confidence": 0.65,
  "corroboration": {
    "description": "Single source: censoredplanet",
    "evidenceCount": 15,
    "level": "low",
    "score": 0.65,
    "sourceCount": 1,
    "sources": [
      "censoredplanet"
    ]
  },
  "country": "AZ",
  "countryName": "Azerbaijan",
  "createdAt": "2026-06-15T06:00:05.501633",
  "description": "CenAlert detected interference. Impact: 1.0. Reported by: DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for bbc.com.",
  "duration": null,
  "durationHours": 0,
  "endTime": null,
  "evidence": [
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "bbc.com",
      "domainCategory": "NEWS",
      "id": 108647076,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:bbc.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for bbc.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "chat.openai.com",
      "domainCategory": "AIML",
      "id": 108647088,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:chat.openai.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for chat.openai.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "getlantern.org",
      "domainCategory": "ANON",
      "id": 108647113,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:getlantern.org:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for getlantern.org",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "huggingface.co",
      "domainCategory": "AIML",
      "id": 108647117,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:huggingface.co:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for huggingface.co",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "instagram.com",
      "domainCategory": "GRP",
      "id": 108647131,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:instagram.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for instagram.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "medium.com",
      "domainCategory": "NEWS",
      "id": 108647142,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:medium.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for medium.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "nytimes.com",
      "domainCategory": "NEWS",
      "id": 108647161,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:nytimes.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for nytimes.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "openai.com",
      "domainCategory": "AIML",
      "id": 108647166,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:openai.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for openai.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "protonvpn.com",
      "domainCategory": "ANON",
      "id": 108647185,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:protonvpn.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for protonvpn.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": "ip-blocked",
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "psiphon.ca",
      "domainCategory": "ANON",
      "id": 108647204,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:psiphon.ca:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for psiphon.ca",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "signal.org",
      "domainCategory": "COMT",
      "id": 108647223,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:signal.org:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for signal.org",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "substack.com",
      "domainCategory": "NEWS",
      "id": 108647242,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:substack.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for substack.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "theguardian.com",
      "domainCategory": "NEWS",
      "id": 108647263,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:theguardian.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for theguardian.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "tiktok.com",
      "domainCategory": "GRP",
      "id": 108647279,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:tiktok.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for tiktok.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    },
    {
      "asn": 48830,
      "blockingMethod": null,
      "confidence": 0.8999999999999999,
      "continent": "Asia",
      "countryCode": "AZ",
      "domain": "tumblr.com",
      "domainCategory": "GRP",
      "id": 108647298,
      "kind": "dns-probe",
      "linkConfidence": 0.8,
      "linkReason": "CenAlert event for same country and date range",
      "observedAt": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
      "probeNodeId": null,
      "regionCode": null,
      "retrievedAt": "2026-05-28T03:46:23.370606Z",
      "riskTier": 2,
      "signalBaseline": null,
      "signalLevel": "critical",
      "signalType": "dns-blocking",
      "signalValue": 1,
      "source": "censoredplanet",
      "sourceRef": "censoredplanet:satellite:AZ:tumblr.com:2026-05-27",
      "sourceUrl": "https://data.censoredplanet.org",
      "unSubregion": "Western Asia",
      "upstreamCause": null,
      "upstreamClaim": "DNS blocking detected: 2/2 probes anomalous (100.0%) for tumblr.com",
      "upstreamSeverity": null
    }
  ],
  "evidenceCount": 15,
  "evidenceSourceBreakdown": {
    "censoredplanet": 15
  },
  "evidenceSpan": {
    "earliest": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
    "latest": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z"
  },
  "flag": "🇦🇿",
  "generated_at_utc": "2026-09-20T12:04:22.106266Z",
  "hashId": "50af80dd0c53",
  "id": "AZ-2026-0324",
  "incidentType": "censorship",
  "measurementCount": 1,
  "mechanism": "DNS blocking",
  "readableId": "AZ-2026-0324",
  "reportUrl": "https://api.voidly.ai/data/incidents/50af80dd0c53/report?format=markdown",
  "revision": 1,
  "severity": "critical",
  "severityGrade": "B",
  "sources": [
    "censoredplanet"
  ],
  "startTime": "2026-05-27T00:00:00Z",
  "status": "suspected",
  "title": "Internet censorship detected in Azerbaijan",
  "updatedAt": "2026-06-15T06:00:05.501633"
}
All Azerbaijan incidents
Sep 19, 2026 · censorshipCensorship detected in AZSep 18, 2026 · censorshipCensorship detected in AZSep 17, 2026 · censorshipCensorship detected in AZSep 16, 2026 · censorshipCensorship detected in AZSep 15, 2026 · censorshipCensorship detected in AZSep 14, 2026 · disruptionInternet connectivity disruption in Azerbaijan
More with the same mechanism · DNS blocking
Sep 13, 2026Internet censorship detected in AzerbaijanSep 9, 2026Censorship detected in AZSep 6, 2026Censorship detected in AZSep 2, 2026Censorship detected in AZAug 30, 2026Censorship detected in AZ

Related records come from up to 100 recent records in the same country. They do not establish a causal connection.

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